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~l I . JI ,. i:'-g10 Cll 0 >e" . -08 ; g ~~e" ''0::;: 6 . C '" .... - ::)'- :'t:oaf .0 4.... 'E 0 '0 ~ ,U 01 ,C ii c: 75% Time 52 o 0.. i:' Cll > 4 Will cost $4.00 _ to $5.00 if delayed to here. 12 16 40% Improvement for 15% of original cost gives 100% 80% :t life extension >- '0 "..... .... 0 I , Cll 0 I ' , > e" I '..... ; g 80% I '..... I ,I ig Good I' I , C I 10 '..... I :8 60% - ~ yrs,_-.I . ..... .~ - 40% Improvement :\ . ~ I.l... with 15% of I \ . ~ 40~ original cost gives only : \ . iO g an 18% :t life extension I \ I :0- 0.. 1 \1 20% - Cost to achieve 80% - ~ i:' 5 extension approximately ~rs. ~ ~ 4 times. (60%) 12 yrs. Time Figure C. Rehnbilitation. Extension of Pavement Life \IS Time of Rehabilitation. ~'.- . ..,-'...."... ".-- '... $500 per year to each vehicle user. Losses are multiples of the amount of funds required to pre- vent them. In our example com- munity of 25.000 this would amount to over $5 million in ex- cess direct operating costs. Their total public works budget would not amount to this waste of mon- ey. It is not rational to suggest the public condones wasting large amounts of funds while suf- fering through poor road condi- tions and building up the cost of their eventual upgrading. The road-maintenance fraterni- ty has suffered from the anti-road building atmosphere that existed for the past few years. This is unfortunate. as this effort is not connected to road mtlintenance and in fact should be supportive. It is not. This may require more effort from engineers to c1emon- I 22 yrs. -g 2.50 N >- ~ C u;ct: o >>2.00 uOl Cll 01- c:e '(3 U) '" ':: u; 1 .50 :J 0 ~u a:- '" -Cll 1Il~ ~ 0 1.00 , c: ..J ct: U I b- o " n.... ..'_...._~ ,- .n,. . - - --, V-ery exc-ess,vek ' - . maintenance Strategy D required to hold /PSI 2(-) road for resurfacing I Rei 1.5 / (15 to / 22 yrs.) (13 to 19 yrs.) " ~..; :.,~ L:( 11.,,1 [~ I .j i' tt J~ ,) ; I ii Strategy C PSI 2 RCI 4 Strategy B PSI 2.5 RCI 5 , ~ ~ 9 B 7 654 { Riding Comfort Index Figure B. Ana'iYses of Resurfacing Strategies.' 13 to 19 yrs. Resurface $22/1,000 km RCI 6, PSI 3 or 11 to 16 yrs. $350/yr. for 11 to ,," average 116 yrs..... "'I 1 user I ..... I;.... I v..... I 11 to 16 yrs. 20 to 30 yrs. I I I I I I 987654321 Very Good Good Fair Poor Very Poor Riding Comfort (noex D. Rehc;.'Jilitation Effect On VehiclEl Operaiing 120 '" ... 0I~110 J:: C 0 ...... ~o E ~ to 1 00 ~ nt-- IJ) O~ eLl 90 ?: ~ E 0 ()~ 80 u:: :Co CllO Cll >q Cll i).... 70 Ii: Cll...... (Q .~ tI7 60 .... 0", :J Vi ex: 0 u 50 Figure. Costs. strate the need to maintain the existing road at the lowest cost. It does not remove responsibility from engineers. The research and success of others is the best tool with which to start. In seeking to arrive at the lowest cost strategy for the annual resurfacing program, Utah DOT re-confirmed evidence from the basic performance curve. It cost less to do it on time. Whe'n you approach your agency or community group, re- member that while you seek to carry out works for the public. their experience is one of paying taxes. The public work you seek to provide is an expenditure they are forced to pay even if they are unhappy with the product. Your emphasis should be not on the funds you need but rather on what is required to arrive at the lowest cost in to~al taxes and 3 2 1 .1 _.""' ~~""__J._"";Jlr.;;', .......-,...., ,~_.~,.,. 15 to 22 yrs. Saving to user or unnecessary waste if not carried out. ....,. ,.J.....~........,'_. .;.. ....,~,..._._"-~~~ , i ~ .'"-,.....-.... 8 Years (Time varies for each road section) Fig[Jre- A: Road Deterioration vs Time. how proper maintenance will help the citizens save direct vehicie- operating costs. The taxpayer--more than ever before--expects to get some- thing for dollars collected. Main- tenance officials should be happy with this turn of events. They provide a product that is the life blood of their community. one that makes possible most jobs and social life. The paradox in the present state of road maintenance is that engineers can reduce the amount of taxes that will be needed, can put money into citizens' pockets by lowering vehicle-operating costs and can do it using less of their money. This can occur if he is allowed to repair those parts of the system on time that can be repaired and if he is allowed to rectify the mistakes of the past. continued on page 4 2 RURAL ^ND URBAN ROADS/OCTOBER, 1980 23