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a • <br />' CLASSIFICATION OF SOILS FOR ENGINEERING PURPOSES <br />ASTM Designation: D 2487 - 68 AND D 2488 - 69 <br />(Unified Soil Classification System) <br />Major divisions Geyrou s Typical names Classification Criteria <br /> « Cu it O w greater then I: . <br /> Well-Waded gravels and. <br /> w GW gravel-send mixtures. little <br /> <br />fi <br />$ = <br /> <br />betWoan 1 and 3 <br />Czs 2301 <br />_ <br /> nes <br />or no E 10 XDso <br />VF <br /> <br /> 6 o <br />V <br />GP Poorly graded grovels and <br />orevol-send mixtures. little w <br />Not meeting both criteria for GW <br /> • <br />0 or no fines <br /> e Z ? <br /> <br />• <br /> <br />C'm <br /> <br />silty gravels, gravel-sand- <br />siItmixtures <br />I v <br />? ? <br />.? <br /> <br />A <br />Atterberg limits below <br />"A" line or P.I. Is" <br /> <br />h <br />4 <br /> <br />Alto rg l i m i is plot- <br />w I t <br />an ting in hatched area <br /> <br />a <br />m <br />t! <br />are borderline classifi- <br />= <br /> <br /> <br />_o <br />$ Z e <br /> <br /> <br /> <br />C <br />Clayey gravels, gravel- ' <br /> <br /> <br />k Atterberg limits above <br />..A.. lint with P.I. cations requiring ass <br /> <br />of dual symbols <br /> sand-clay mixtures greater than 7 <br /> o <br /> <br />e <br />Iv <br />raded sands and W&- <br />Well- <br />Cu = Dso Waster than 6: <br />O <br />a g <br />l <br />a to <br /> e or no <br />s sends. litt <br />fi <br /> <br />Q <br />Cz_ (DW2 between 1 and 3 <br /> >, ne GG <br />22 Oto x Ito <br /> a <br /> o o Poorly graded sands and Z <br />= <br />° <br /> <br />for SW <br />it <br />i <br />i <br />b <br />h <br /> a V SP gravelly sends. little or no w e ? cr <br />er <br />a <br />ng <br />ot <br />Not meet <br /> r fines g <br />z <br /> <br /> Z yy <br />t? <br /> IL Atterberg limits below <br /> silty sands, esrnd-silt mix- "A" line Or P.1. Isss Atterberg I i m i t s plot- <br /> than 4 ting in hatched area <br /> $ are borderline classifi- <br /> 'u 1A Atterberg limits above cations requiring use <br />of duel symbols <br /> SC clayey sends. send-clsy "A" line with P.I. <br /> mixtures greater than 7 <br /> Inorganic silts, very fine Plasticity Chart <br /> a ML sands, rock flour. Silty or 6Q <br /> clayey fins sands For classification of fins-grained <br /> 8 soils and fins fraction of coerse- <br /> f low to <br />l <br />i rained soils. <br /> ays o <br />Inorgan <br />c c 60 g <br /> medium plasticity. gravelly Attarberg Limits Plotting in CH <br /> CL clays. sandy clays. silty hatched area are borderline <br />• E clays. loan clays classifications requiring use of <br /> H x 40 dual symbols. <br />3 a Organic s i It a and organic Equation of Aline: <br />= Q <br />iG OL silty clays of low plasticity <br />6 PM =0.73 (LL -20) <br /> 30 <br /> <br />_ Inorganic silts, micaceous OH a nd MH <br />- MH or distomaoeous fine sends r <br /> or silts. elastic silts 20 <br /> £ L <br /> C <br />M u Inorganic clays of high <br />1 <br />F <br />IS , CH plasticity. fat clays 77 OO <br /> <br />'' n ! T ML a nd OL <br /> <br />jm61 <br />i <br /> - <br />d <br />organic clays of median to <br />00 10 20 30 40 GO 60 70 60 90 t00- <br /> ON high plasticity <br /> Liquid Limit <br /> <br /> '' • <br />Pt Past. muck and other highly <br />organic soils <br />-eased an the araterisl passing ow 3 in. (76 wM New. <br /> <br />061 70-Al